Mitochondrial genetic diversity, selection and recombination in a canine transmissible cancer
Identifieur interne : 00E290 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 00E289; suivant : 00E291Mitochondrial genetic diversity, selection and recombination in a canine transmissible cancer
Auteurs : Andrea Strakova [Royaume-Uni] ; Máire Ní Leathlobhair [Royaume-Uni] ; Guo-Dong Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Ting-Ting Yin [République populaire de Chine] ; Ilona Airikkala-Otter [Inde] ; Janice L. Allen [Australie] ; Karen M. Allum [États-Unis] ; Leontine Bansse-Issa [Suriname] ; Jocelyn L. Bisson [Royaume-Uni] ; Artemio Castillo Domracheva [Panama] ; Karina F. De Castro [Brésil] ; Anne M. Corrigan ; Hugh R. Cran [Kenya] ; Jane T. Crawford [Belize] ; Stephen M. Cutter [Australie] ; Laura Delgadillo Keenan [Mexique] ; Edward M. Donelan [Australie] ; Ibikunle A. Faramade [Nigeria] ; Erika Flores Reynoso [Mexique] ; Eleni Fotopoulou [Grèce] ; Skye N. Fruean [Samoa] ; Fanny Gallardo-Arrieta [Venezuela] ; Olga Glebova [Russie] ; Rodrigo F. H Felin Manrique [Chili] ; Joaquim Jgp Henriques [Portugal] ; Natalia Ignatenko [Ukraine] ; Debbie Koenig [États-Unis] ; Marta Lanza-Perea ; Remo Lobetti [Afrique du Sud] ; Adriana M. Lopez Quintana [Uruguay] ; Thibault Losfelt [France] ; Gabriele Marino [Italie] ; Inigo Martincorena [Royaume-Uni] ; Sim N Martínez Casta Eda [Mexique] ; Mayra F. Martínez-L Pez [Équateur] ; Michael Meyer [Gambie] ; Berna Nakanwagi [Ouganda] ; Andrigo B. De Nardi [Brésil] ; Winifred Neunzig [États-Unis] ; Sally J. Nixon [Australie] ; Marsden M. Onsare [Kenya] ; Antonio Ortega-Pacheco [Mexique] ; Maria C. Peleteiro [Portugal] ; Ruth J. Pye [Australie] ; John F. Reece [Inde] ; Jose Rojas Gutierrez [Chili] ; Haleema Sadia [Pakistan] ; Sheila K. Schmeling [Belize] ; Olga Shamanova [Russie] ; Richard K. Ssuna [Malawi] ; Audrey E. Steenland-Smit [Suriname] ; Alla Svitich [Ukraine] ; Ismail Thoya Ngoka [Kenya] ; Bogdan A. Vi Laru [Roumanie] ; Anna P. De Vos [Afrique du Sud] ; Johan P. De Vos [Pays-Bas] ; Oliver Walkinton [Australie] ; David C. Wedge [Royaume-Uni] ; Alvaro S. Wehrle-Martinez [Paraguay] ; Mirjam G. Van Der Wel [Afrique du Sud] ; Sophie Ae Widdowson [Malawi] ; Elizabeth P. Murchison [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- eLife [ 2050-084X ] ; ????.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : DNA, Mitochondrial.
- chemical , genetics : DNA, Mitochondrial.
- genetics : Dog Diseases, Mitochondria, Venereal Tumors, Veterinary.
- Animals, Dogs, Genetic Variation, Recombination, Genetic, Selection, Genetic, Sequence Analysis, DNA.
Abstract
Canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) is a clonally transmissible cancer that originated approximately 11,000 years ago and affects dogs worldwide. Despite the clonal origin of the CTVT nuclear genome, CTVT mitochondrial genomes (mtDNAs) have been acquired by periodic capture from transient hosts. We sequenced 449 complete mtDNAs from a global population of CTVTs, and show that mtDNA horizontal transfer has occurred at least five times, delineating five tumour clades whose distributions track two millennia of dog global migration. Negative selection has operated to prevent accumulation of deleterious mutations in captured mtDNA, and recombination has caused occasional mtDNA re-assortment. These findings implicate functional mtDNA as a driver of CTVT global metastatic spread, further highlighting the important role of mtDNA in cancer evolution.
Url:
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.14552
PubMed: 27185408
PubMed Central: 4869914
Affiliations:
- Afrique du Sud, Australie, Belize, Brésil, Chili, France, Gambie, Grèce, Inde, Italie, Kenya, Malawi, Mexique, Nigeria, Ouganda, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Pays-Bas, Portugal, Roumanie, Royaume-Uni, Russie, République populaire de Chine, Samoa, Suriname, Ukraine, Uruguay, Venezuela, Équateur, États-Unis
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Allen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Animal Management in Rural and Remote Indigenous Communities</institution>,<addr-line>Darwin</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Allum, Karen M" sort="Allum, Karen M" uniqKey="Allum K" first="Karen M" last="Allum">Karen M. Allum</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>World Vets</institution>,<addr-line>Fargo</addr-line>,<country>United States</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bansse Issa, Leontine" sort="Bansse Issa, Leontine" uniqKey="Bansse Issa L" first="Leontine" last="Bansse-Issa">Leontine Bansse-Issa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Stichting Dierenbescherming Suriname</institution>,<addr-line>Paramaribo</addr-line>,<country>Suriname</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suriname</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bisson, Jocelyn L" sort="Bisson, Jocelyn L" uniqKey="Bisson J" first="Jocelyn L" last="Bisson">Jocelyn L. Bisson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution content-type="dept">Department of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<institution>University of Cambridge</institution>,<addr-line>Cambridge</addr-line>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castillo Domracheva, Artemio" sort="Castillo Domracheva, Artemio" uniqKey="Castillo Domracheva A" first="Artemio" last="Castillo Domracheva">Artemio Castillo Domracheva</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution content-type="dept">Corozal Veterinary Hospital</institution>,<institution>University of Panama</institution>,<addr-line>Panama City</addr-line>,<country>Panama</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Panama</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Castro, Karina F" sort="De Castro, Karina F" uniqKey="De Castro K" first="Karina F" last="De Castro">Karina F. De Castro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><institution content-type="dept">Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery</institution>,<institution>São Paulo State University</institution>,<addr-line>São Paulo</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corrigan, Anne M" sort="Corrigan, Anne M" uniqKey="Corrigan A" first="Anne M" last="Corrigan">Anne M. Corrigan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9"><institution>St. George's University</institution>,<addr-line>True Blue</addr-line>,<country>Grenada</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Grenada</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cran, Hugh R" sort="Cran, Hugh R" uniqKey="Cran H" first="Hugh R" last="Cran">Hugh R. Cran</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff10"><institution>The Nakuru District Veterinary Scheme Ltd</institution>,<addr-line>Nakuru</addr-line>,<country>Kenya</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crawford, Jane T" sort="Crawford, Jane T" uniqKey="Crawford J" first="Jane T" last="Crawford">Jane T. Crawford</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11"><institution>Animal Medical Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Belize City</addr-line>,<country>Belize</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belize</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cutter, Stephen M" sort="Cutter, Stephen M" uniqKey="Cutter S" first="Stephen M" last="Cutter">Stephen M. Cutter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Animal Management in Rural and Remote Indigenous Communities</institution>,<addr-line>Darwin</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Delgadillo Keenan, Laura" sort="Delgadillo Keenan, Laura" uniqKey="Delgadillo Keenan L" first="Laura" last="Delgadillo Keenan">Laura Delgadillo Keenan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff12"><institution>Veterinary clinic Sr. Dog's</institution>,<addr-line>Guadalajara</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Donelan, Edward M" sort="Donelan, Edward M" uniqKey="Donelan E" first="Edward M" last="Donelan">Edward M. Donelan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Animal Management in Rural and Remote Indigenous Communities</institution>,<addr-line>Darwin</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faramade, Ibikunle A" sort="Faramade, Ibikunle A" uniqKey="Faramade I" first="Ibikunle A" last="Faramade">Ibikunle A. Faramade</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff13"><institution>National Veterinary Research Institute</institution>,<addr-line>Vom</addr-line>,<country>Nigeria</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flores Reynoso, Erika" sort="Flores Reynoso, Erika" uniqKey="Flores Reynoso E" first="Erika" last="Flores Reynoso">Erika Flores Reynoso</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff14"><institution>International Fund for Animal Welfare</institution>,<addr-line>Quintana Roo</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fotopoulou, Eleni" sort="Fotopoulou, Eleni" uniqKey="Fotopoulou E" first="Eleni" last="Fotopoulou">Eleni Fotopoulou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff15"><institution>Intermunicipal Stray Animals Care Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Perama</addr-line>,<country>Greece</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fruean, Skye N" sort="Fruean, Skye N" uniqKey="Fruean S" first="Skye N" last="Fruean">Skye N. Fruean</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff16"><institution>Animal Protection Society of Samoa</institution>,<addr-line>Apia</addr-line>,<country>Samoa</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Samoa</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gallardo Arrieta, Fanny" sort="Gallardo Arrieta, Fanny" uniqKey="Gallardo Arrieta F" first="Fanny" last="Gallardo-Arrieta">Fanny Gallardo-Arrieta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff17"><institution content-type="dept">Faculty of Veterinary Science</institution>,<institution>University of Zulia</institution>,<addr-line>Maracaibo</addr-line>,<country>Venezuela</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Venezuela</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Glebova, Olga" sort="Glebova, Olga" uniqKey="Glebova O" first="Olga" last="Glebova">Olga Glebova</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff18"><institution>Veterinary clinic BIOCONTROL</institution>,<addr-line>Moscow</addr-line>,<country>Russia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="H Felin Manrique, Rodrigo F" sort="H Felin Manrique, Rodrigo F" uniqKey="H Felin Manrique R" first="Rodrigo F" last="H Felin Manrique">Rodrigo F. H Felin Manrique</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff19"><institution>Veterinary clinic El Roble</institution>,<addr-line>Santiago de Chile</addr-line>,<country>Chile</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Henriques, Joaquim Jgp" sort="Henriques, Joaquim Jgp" uniqKey="Henriques J" first="Joaquim Jgp" last="Henriques">Joaquim Jgp Henriques</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff20"><institution content-type="dept">OnevetGroup</institution>,<institution>Centro Veterinário Berna</institution>,<addr-line>Lisboa</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ignatenko, Natalia" sort="Ignatenko, Natalia" uniqKey="Ignatenko N" first="Natalia" last="Ignatenko">Natalia Ignatenko</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff21"><institution>Veterinary clinic Zoovetservis</institution>,<addr-line>Kiev</addr-line>,<country>Ukraine</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ukraine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koenig, Debbie" sort="Koenig, Debbie" uniqKey="Koenig D" first="Debbie" last="Koenig">Debbie Koenig</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>World Vets</institution>,<addr-line>Fargo</addr-line>,<country>United States</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lanza Perea, Marta" sort="Lanza Perea, Marta" uniqKey="Lanza Perea M" first="Marta" last="Lanza-Perea">Marta Lanza-Perea</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9"><institution>St. George's University</institution>,<addr-line>True Blue</addr-line>,<country>Grenada</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Grenada</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lobetti, Remo" sort="Lobetti, Remo" uniqKey="Lobetti R" first="Remo" last="Lobetti">Remo Lobetti</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff22"><institution>Bryanston Veterinary Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Bryanston</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lopez Quintana, Adriana M" sort="Lopez Quintana, Adriana M" uniqKey="Lopez Quintana A" first="Adriana M" last="Lopez Quintana">Adriana M. Lopez Quintana</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff23"><institution>Veterinary Clinic Lopez Quintana</institution>,<addr-line>Maldonado</addr-line>,<country>Uruguay</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Uruguay</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Losfelt, Thibault" sort="Losfelt, Thibault" uniqKey="Losfelt T" first="Thibault" last="Losfelt">Thibault Losfelt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff24"><institution>Clinique Veterinaire de Grand Fond</institution>,<addr-line>Saint Gilles les Bains</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marino, Gabriele" sort="Marino, Gabriele" uniqKey="Marino G" first="Gabriele" last="Marino">Gabriele Marino</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff25"><institution content-type="dept">Department of Veterinary Sciences</institution>,<institution>University of Messina</institution>,<addr-line>Messina</addr-line>,<country>Italy</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martincorena, Inigo" sort="Martincorena, Inigo" uniqKey="Martincorena I" first="Inigo" last="Martincorena">Inigo Martincorena</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff26"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>,<addr-line>Hinxton</addr-line>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez Casta Eda, Sim N" sort="Martinez Casta Eda, Sim N" uniqKey="Martinez Casta Eda S" first="Sim N" last="Martínez Casta Eda">Sim N Martínez Casta Eda</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff27"><institution content-type="dept">Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia</institution>,<institution>Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México</institution>,<addr-line>Toluca</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez L Pez, Mayra F" sort="Martinez L Pez, Mayra F" uniqKey="Martinez L Pez M" first="Mayra F" last="Martínez-L Pez">Mayra F. Martínez-L Pez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff28"><institution content-type="dept">School of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<institution>Universidad de las Américas</institution>,<addr-line>Quito</addr-line>,<country>Ecuador</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Équateur</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meyer, Michael" sort="Meyer, Michael" uniqKey="Meyer M" first="Michael" last="Meyer">Michael Meyer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff29"><institution>Touray & Meyer Vet Clinic</institution>,<addr-line>Serrekunda</addr-line>,<country>Gambia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Gambie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nakanwagi, Berna" sort="Nakanwagi, Berna" uniqKey="Nakanwagi B" first="Berna" last="Nakanwagi">Berna Nakanwagi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff30"><institution>The Kampala Veterinary Surgery</institution>,<addr-line>Kampala</addr-line>,<country>Uganda</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Nardi, Andrigo B" sort="De Nardi, Andrigo B" uniqKey="De Nardi A" first="Andrigo B" last="De Nardi">Andrigo B. De Nardi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><institution content-type="dept">Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery</institution>,<institution>São Paulo State University</institution>,<addr-line>São Paulo</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neunzig, Winifred" sort="Neunzig, Winifred" uniqKey="Neunzig W" first="Winifred" last="Neunzig">Winifred Neunzig</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>World Vets</institution>,<addr-line>Fargo</addr-line>,<country>United States</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nixon, Sally J" sort="Nixon, Sally J" uniqKey="Nixon S" first="Sally J" last="Nixon">Sally J. Nixon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff31"><institution>Vets Beyond Borders</institution>,<addr-line>The Rocks</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Onsare, Marsden M" sort="Onsare, Marsden M" uniqKey="Onsare M" first="Marsden M" last="Onsare">Marsden M. Onsare</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff32"><institution>Aniworld veterinary clinic</institution>,<addr-line>Kisumu</addr-line>,<country>Kenya</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ortega Pacheco, Antonio" sort="Ortega Pacheco, Antonio" uniqKey="Ortega Pacheco A" first="Antonio" last="Ortega-Pacheco">Antonio Ortega-Pacheco</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff33"><institution content-type="dept">Faculty of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<institution>Autonomous University of Yucatan</institution>,<addr-line>Merida</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peleteiro, Maria C" sort="Peleteiro, Maria C" uniqKey="Peleteiro M" first="Maria C" last="Peleteiro">Maria C. Peleteiro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff34"><institution content-type="dept">Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<institution>University of Lisbon</institution>,<addr-line>Lisboa</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pye, Ruth J" sort="Pye, Ruth J" uniqKey="Pye R" first="Ruth J" last="Pye">Ruth J. Pye</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff31"><institution>Vets Beyond Borders</institution>,<addr-line>The Rocks</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reece, John F" sort="Reece, John F" uniqKey="Reece J" first="John F" last="Reece">John F. Reece</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff35"><institution>Help in Suffering</institution>,<addr-line>Jaipur</addr-line>,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rojas Gutierrez, Jose" sort="Rojas Gutierrez, Jose" uniqKey="Rojas Gutierrez J" first="Jose" last="Rojas Gutierrez">Jose Rojas Gutierrez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff36"><institution>Veterinary clinic Dr José Rojas</institution>,<addr-line>Los Andes</addr-line>,<country>Chile</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sadia, Haleema" sort="Sadia, Haleema" uniqKey="Sadia H" first="Haleema" last="Sadia">Haleema Sadia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff37"><institution>University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences</institution>,<addr-line>Lahore</addr-line>,<country>Pakistan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pakistan</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmeling, Sheila K" sort="Schmeling, Sheila K" uniqKey="Schmeling S" first="Sheila K" last="Schmeling">Sheila K. Schmeling</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff38"><institution>Corozal Veterinary Clinic</institution>,<addr-line>Corozal Town</addr-line>,<country>Belize</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belize</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shamanova, Olga" sort="Shamanova, Olga" uniqKey="Shamanova O" first="Olga" last="Shamanova">Olga Shamanova</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff39"><institution>Veterinary clinic Vetmaster</institution>,<addr-line>Ramenskoye</addr-line>,<country>Russia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ssuna, Richard K" sort="Ssuna, Richard K" uniqKey="Ssuna R" first="Richard K" last="Ssuna">Richard K. Ssuna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff40"><institution>Lilongwe Society for Protection and Care of Animals</institution>,<addr-line>Lilongwe</addr-line>,<country>Malawi</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Malawi</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steenland Smit, Audrey E" sort="Steenland Smit, Audrey E" uniqKey="Steenland Smit A" first="Audrey E" last="Steenland-Smit">Audrey E. Steenland-Smit</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Stichting Dierenbescherming Suriname</institution>,<addr-line>Paramaribo</addr-line>,<country>Suriname</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suriname</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Svitich, Alla" sort="Svitich, Alla" uniqKey="Svitich A" first="Alla" last="Svitich">Alla Svitich</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff41"><institution>State Hospital of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<addr-line>Dniprodzerzhynsk</addr-line>,<country>Ukraine</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ukraine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thoya Ngoka, Ismail" sort="Thoya Ngoka, Ismail" uniqKey="Thoya Ngoka I" first="Ismail" last="Thoya Ngoka">Ismail Thoya Ngoka</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff42"><institution>Kenya Society for Protection and Care of Animals</institution>,<addr-line>Nairobi</addr-line>,<country>Kenya</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vi Laru, Bogdan A" sort="Vi Laru, Bogdan A" uniqKey="Vi Laru B" first="Bogdan A" last="Vi Laru">Bogdan A. Vi Laru</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff43"><institution content-type="dept">Clinical Sciences Department</institution>,<institution>Faculty of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<addr-line>Bucharest</addr-line>,<country>Romania</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Vos, Anna P" sort="De Vos, Anna P" uniqKey="De Vos A" first="Anna P" last="De Vos">Anna P. De Vos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff44"><institution>Ladybrand Animal Clinic</institution>,<addr-line>Ladybrand</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Vos, Johan P" sort="De Vos, Johan P" uniqKey="De Vos J" first="Johan P" last="De Vos">Johan P. De Vos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff45"><institution>Veterinary Oncology Referral Centre De Ottenhorst</institution>,<addr-line>Terneuzen</addr-line>,<country>Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walkinton, Oliver" sort="Walkinton, Oliver" uniqKey="Walkinton O" first="Oliver" last="Walkinton">Oliver Walkinton</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff31"><institution>Vets Beyond Borders</institution>,<addr-line>The Rocks</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wedge, David C" sort="Wedge, David C" uniqKey="Wedge D" first="David C" last="Wedge">David C. Wedge</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff26"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>,<addr-line>Hinxton</addr-line>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wehrle Martinez, Alvaro S" sort="Wehrle Martinez, Alvaro S" uniqKey="Wehrle Martinez A" first="Alvaro S" last="Wehrle-Martinez">Alvaro S. Wehrle-Martinez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff46"><institution content-type="dept">Faculty of Veterinary Sciences</institution>,<institution>National University of Asuncion</institution>,<addr-line>San Lorenzo</addr-line>,<country>Paraguay</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Paraguay</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Wel, Mirjam G" sort="Van Der Wel, Mirjam G" uniqKey="Van Der Wel M" first="Mirjam G" last="Van Der Wel">Mirjam G. Van Der Wel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff47"><institution>Animal Anti Cruelty League</institution>,<addr-line>Port Elizabeth</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Widdowson, Sophie Ae" sort="Widdowson, Sophie Ae" uniqKey="Widdowson S" first="Sophie Ae" last="Widdowson">Sophie Ae Widdowson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff40"><institution>Lilongwe Society for Protection and Care of Animals</institution>,<addr-line>Lilongwe</addr-line>,<country>Malawi</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Malawi</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murchison, Elizabeth P" sort="Murchison, Elizabeth P" uniqKey="Murchison E" first="Elizabeth P" last="Murchison">Elizabeth P. Murchison</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution content-type="dept">Department of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<institution>University of Cambridge</institution>,<addr-line>Cambridge</addr-line>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27185408</idno><idno type="pmc">4869914</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4869914</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4869914</idno><idno type="doi">10.7554/eLife.14552</idno><date when="????">????</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000647</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000647</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000646</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000646</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">002E08</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">002E08</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">001F20</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001F20</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">001E96</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">001E96</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">001E96</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">001E96</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">003549</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">003549</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">003549</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">00F530</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">00E290</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">00E290</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Mitochondrial genetic diversity, selection and recombination in a canine transmissible cancer</title><author><name sortKey="Strakova, Andrea" sort="Strakova, Andrea" uniqKey="Strakova A" first="Andrea" last="Strakova">Andrea Strakova</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution content-type="dept">Department of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<institution>University of Cambridge</institution>,<addr-line>Cambridge</addr-line>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ni Leathlobhair, Maire" sort="Ni Leathlobhair, Maire" uniqKey="Ni Leathlobhair M" first="Máire" last="Ní Leathlobhair">Máire Ní Leathlobhair</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution content-type="dept">Department of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<institution>University of Cambridge</institution>,<addr-line>Cambridge</addr-line>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Guo Dong" sort="Wang, Guo Dong" uniqKey="Wang G" first="Guo-Dong" last="Wang">Guo-Dong Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution content-type="dept">State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology</institution>,<institution>Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>,<addr-line>Kunming</addr-line>,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yin, Ting Ting" sort="Yin, Ting Ting" uniqKey="Yin T" first="Ting-Ting" last="Yin">Ting-Ting Yin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution content-type="dept">State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology</institution>,<institution>Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>,<addr-line>Kunming</addr-line>,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Airikkala Otter, Ilona" sort="Airikkala Otter, Ilona" uniqKey="Airikkala Otter I" first="Ilona" last="Airikkala-Otter">Ilona Airikkala-Otter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution content-type="dept">International Training Center</institution>,<institution>Worldwide Veterinary Service</institution>,<addr-line>Aruvankadu</addr-line>,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Allen, Janice L" sort="Allen, Janice L" uniqKey="Allen J" first="Janice L" last="Allen">Janice L. Allen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Animal Management in Rural and Remote Indigenous Communities</institution>,<addr-line>Darwin</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Allum, Karen M" sort="Allum, Karen M" uniqKey="Allum K" first="Karen M" last="Allum">Karen M. Allum</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>World Vets</institution>,<addr-line>Fargo</addr-line>,<country>United States</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bansse Issa, Leontine" sort="Bansse Issa, Leontine" uniqKey="Bansse Issa L" first="Leontine" last="Bansse-Issa">Leontine Bansse-Issa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Stichting Dierenbescherming Suriname</institution>,<addr-line>Paramaribo</addr-line>,<country>Suriname</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suriname</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bisson, Jocelyn L" sort="Bisson, Jocelyn L" uniqKey="Bisson J" first="Jocelyn L" last="Bisson">Jocelyn L. Bisson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution content-type="dept">Department of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<institution>University of Cambridge</institution>,<addr-line>Cambridge</addr-line>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castillo Domracheva, Artemio" sort="Castillo Domracheva, Artemio" uniqKey="Castillo Domracheva A" first="Artemio" last="Castillo Domracheva">Artemio Castillo Domracheva</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution content-type="dept">Corozal Veterinary Hospital</institution>,<institution>University of Panama</institution>,<addr-line>Panama City</addr-line>,<country>Panama</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Panama</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Castro, Karina F" sort="De Castro, Karina F" uniqKey="De Castro K" first="Karina F" last="De Castro">Karina F. De Castro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><institution content-type="dept">Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery</institution>,<institution>São Paulo State University</institution>,<addr-line>São Paulo</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corrigan, Anne M" sort="Corrigan, Anne M" uniqKey="Corrigan A" first="Anne M" last="Corrigan">Anne M. Corrigan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9"><institution>St. George's University</institution>,<addr-line>True Blue</addr-line>,<country>Grenada</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Grenada</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cran, Hugh R" sort="Cran, Hugh R" uniqKey="Cran H" first="Hugh R" last="Cran">Hugh R. Cran</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff10"><institution>The Nakuru District Veterinary Scheme Ltd</institution>,<addr-line>Nakuru</addr-line>,<country>Kenya</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crawford, Jane T" sort="Crawford, Jane T" uniqKey="Crawford J" first="Jane T" last="Crawford">Jane T. Crawford</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11"><institution>Animal Medical Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Belize City</addr-line>,<country>Belize</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belize</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cutter, Stephen M" sort="Cutter, Stephen M" uniqKey="Cutter S" first="Stephen M" last="Cutter">Stephen M. Cutter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Animal Management in Rural and Remote Indigenous Communities</institution>,<addr-line>Darwin</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Delgadillo Keenan, Laura" sort="Delgadillo Keenan, Laura" uniqKey="Delgadillo Keenan L" first="Laura" last="Delgadillo Keenan">Laura Delgadillo Keenan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff12"><institution>Veterinary clinic Sr. Dog's</institution>,<addr-line>Guadalajara</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Donelan, Edward M" sort="Donelan, Edward M" uniqKey="Donelan E" first="Edward M" last="Donelan">Edward M. Donelan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Animal Management in Rural and Remote Indigenous Communities</institution>,<addr-line>Darwin</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faramade, Ibikunle A" sort="Faramade, Ibikunle A" uniqKey="Faramade I" first="Ibikunle A" last="Faramade">Ibikunle A. Faramade</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff13"><institution>National Veterinary Research Institute</institution>,<addr-line>Vom</addr-line>,<country>Nigeria</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flores Reynoso, Erika" sort="Flores Reynoso, Erika" uniqKey="Flores Reynoso E" first="Erika" last="Flores Reynoso">Erika Flores Reynoso</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff14"><institution>International Fund for Animal Welfare</institution>,<addr-line>Quintana Roo</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fotopoulou, Eleni" sort="Fotopoulou, Eleni" uniqKey="Fotopoulou E" first="Eleni" last="Fotopoulou">Eleni Fotopoulou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff15"><institution>Intermunicipal Stray Animals Care Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Perama</addr-line>,<country>Greece</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fruean, Skye N" sort="Fruean, Skye N" uniqKey="Fruean S" first="Skye N" last="Fruean">Skye N. Fruean</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff16"><institution>Animal Protection Society of Samoa</institution>,<addr-line>Apia</addr-line>,<country>Samoa</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Samoa</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gallardo Arrieta, Fanny" sort="Gallardo Arrieta, Fanny" uniqKey="Gallardo Arrieta F" first="Fanny" last="Gallardo-Arrieta">Fanny Gallardo-Arrieta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff17"><institution content-type="dept">Faculty of Veterinary Science</institution>,<institution>University of Zulia</institution>,<addr-line>Maracaibo</addr-line>,<country>Venezuela</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Venezuela</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Glebova, Olga" sort="Glebova, Olga" uniqKey="Glebova O" first="Olga" last="Glebova">Olga Glebova</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff18"><institution>Veterinary clinic BIOCONTROL</institution>,<addr-line>Moscow</addr-line>,<country>Russia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="H Felin Manrique, Rodrigo F" sort="H Felin Manrique, Rodrigo F" uniqKey="H Felin Manrique R" first="Rodrigo F" last="H Felin Manrique">Rodrigo F. H Felin Manrique</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff19"><institution>Veterinary clinic El Roble</institution>,<addr-line>Santiago de Chile</addr-line>,<country>Chile</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Henriques, Joaquim Jgp" sort="Henriques, Joaquim Jgp" uniqKey="Henriques J" first="Joaquim Jgp" last="Henriques">Joaquim Jgp Henriques</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff20"><institution content-type="dept">OnevetGroup</institution>,<institution>Centro Veterinário Berna</institution>,<addr-line>Lisboa</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ignatenko, Natalia" sort="Ignatenko, Natalia" uniqKey="Ignatenko N" first="Natalia" last="Ignatenko">Natalia Ignatenko</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff21"><institution>Veterinary clinic Zoovetservis</institution>,<addr-line>Kiev</addr-line>,<country>Ukraine</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ukraine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koenig, Debbie" sort="Koenig, Debbie" uniqKey="Koenig D" first="Debbie" last="Koenig">Debbie Koenig</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>World Vets</institution>,<addr-line>Fargo</addr-line>,<country>United States</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lanza Perea, Marta" sort="Lanza Perea, Marta" uniqKey="Lanza Perea M" first="Marta" last="Lanza-Perea">Marta Lanza-Perea</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9"><institution>St. George's University</institution>,<addr-line>True Blue</addr-line>,<country>Grenada</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">Grenada</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lobetti, Remo" sort="Lobetti, Remo" uniqKey="Lobetti R" first="Remo" last="Lobetti">Remo Lobetti</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff22"><institution>Bryanston Veterinary Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Bryanston</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lopez Quintana, Adriana M" sort="Lopez Quintana, Adriana M" uniqKey="Lopez Quintana A" first="Adriana M" last="Lopez Quintana">Adriana M. Lopez Quintana</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff23"><institution>Veterinary Clinic Lopez Quintana</institution>,<addr-line>Maldonado</addr-line>,<country>Uruguay</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Uruguay</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Losfelt, Thibault" sort="Losfelt, Thibault" uniqKey="Losfelt T" first="Thibault" last="Losfelt">Thibault Losfelt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff24"><institution>Clinique Veterinaire de Grand Fond</institution>,<addr-line>Saint Gilles les Bains</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marino, Gabriele" sort="Marino, Gabriele" uniqKey="Marino G" first="Gabriele" last="Marino">Gabriele Marino</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff25"><institution content-type="dept">Department of Veterinary Sciences</institution>,<institution>University of Messina</institution>,<addr-line>Messina</addr-line>,<country>Italy</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martincorena, Inigo" sort="Martincorena, Inigo" uniqKey="Martincorena I" first="Inigo" last="Martincorena">Inigo Martincorena</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff26"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>,<addr-line>Hinxton</addr-line>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez Casta Eda, Sim N" sort="Martinez Casta Eda, Sim N" uniqKey="Martinez Casta Eda S" first="Sim N" last="Martínez Casta Eda">Sim N Martínez Casta Eda</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff27"><institution content-type="dept">Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia</institution>,<institution>Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México</institution>,<addr-line>Toluca</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez L Pez, Mayra F" sort="Martinez L Pez, Mayra F" uniqKey="Martinez L Pez M" first="Mayra F" last="Martínez-L Pez">Mayra F. Martínez-L Pez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff28"><institution content-type="dept">School of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<institution>Universidad de las Américas</institution>,<addr-line>Quito</addr-line>,<country>Ecuador</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Équateur</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meyer, Michael" sort="Meyer, Michael" uniqKey="Meyer M" first="Michael" last="Meyer">Michael Meyer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff29"><institution>Touray & Meyer Vet Clinic</institution>,<addr-line>Serrekunda</addr-line>,<country>Gambia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Gambie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nakanwagi, Berna" sort="Nakanwagi, Berna" uniqKey="Nakanwagi B" first="Berna" last="Nakanwagi">Berna Nakanwagi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff30"><institution>The Kampala Veterinary Surgery</institution>,<addr-line>Kampala</addr-line>,<country>Uganda</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Nardi, Andrigo B" sort="De Nardi, Andrigo B" uniqKey="De Nardi A" first="Andrigo B" last="De Nardi">Andrigo B. De Nardi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><institution content-type="dept">Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery</institution>,<institution>São Paulo State University</institution>,<addr-line>São Paulo</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neunzig, Winifred" sort="Neunzig, Winifred" uniqKey="Neunzig W" first="Winifred" last="Neunzig">Winifred Neunzig</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>World Vets</institution>,<addr-line>Fargo</addr-line>,<country>United States</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nixon, Sally J" sort="Nixon, Sally J" uniqKey="Nixon S" first="Sally J" last="Nixon">Sally J. Nixon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff31"><institution>Vets Beyond Borders</institution>,<addr-line>The Rocks</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Onsare, Marsden M" sort="Onsare, Marsden M" uniqKey="Onsare M" first="Marsden M" last="Onsare">Marsden M. Onsare</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff32"><institution>Aniworld veterinary clinic</institution>,<addr-line>Kisumu</addr-line>,<country>Kenya</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ortega Pacheco, Antonio" sort="Ortega Pacheco, Antonio" uniqKey="Ortega Pacheco A" first="Antonio" last="Ortega-Pacheco">Antonio Ortega-Pacheco</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff33"><institution content-type="dept">Faculty of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<institution>Autonomous University of Yucatan</institution>,<addr-line>Merida</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peleteiro, Maria C" sort="Peleteiro, Maria C" uniqKey="Peleteiro M" first="Maria C" last="Peleteiro">Maria C. Peleteiro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff34"><institution content-type="dept">Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<institution>University of Lisbon</institution>,<addr-line>Lisboa</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pye, Ruth J" sort="Pye, Ruth J" uniqKey="Pye R" first="Ruth J" last="Pye">Ruth J. Pye</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff31"><institution>Vets Beyond Borders</institution>,<addr-line>The Rocks</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reece, John F" sort="Reece, John F" uniqKey="Reece J" first="John F" last="Reece">John F. Reece</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff35"><institution>Help in Suffering</institution>,<addr-line>Jaipur</addr-line>,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rojas Gutierrez, Jose" sort="Rojas Gutierrez, Jose" uniqKey="Rojas Gutierrez J" first="Jose" last="Rojas Gutierrez">Jose Rojas Gutierrez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff36"><institution>Veterinary clinic Dr José Rojas</institution>,<addr-line>Los Andes</addr-line>,<country>Chile</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sadia, Haleema" sort="Sadia, Haleema" uniqKey="Sadia H" first="Haleema" last="Sadia">Haleema Sadia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff37"><institution>University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences</institution>,<addr-line>Lahore</addr-line>,<country>Pakistan</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pakistan</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmeling, Sheila K" sort="Schmeling, Sheila K" uniqKey="Schmeling S" first="Sheila K" last="Schmeling">Sheila K. Schmeling</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff38"><institution>Corozal Veterinary Clinic</institution>,<addr-line>Corozal Town</addr-line>,<country>Belize</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belize</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shamanova, Olga" sort="Shamanova, Olga" uniqKey="Shamanova O" first="Olga" last="Shamanova">Olga Shamanova</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff39"><institution>Veterinary clinic Vetmaster</institution>,<addr-line>Ramenskoye</addr-line>,<country>Russia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ssuna, Richard K" sort="Ssuna, Richard K" uniqKey="Ssuna R" first="Richard K" last="Ssuna">Richard K. Ssuna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff40"><institution>Lilongwe Society for Protection and Care of Animals</institution>,<addr-line>Lilongwe</addr-line>,<country>Malawi</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Malawi</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steenland Smit, Audrey E" sort="Steenland Smit, Audrey E" uniqKey="Steenland Smit A" first="Audrey E" last="Steenland-Smit">Audrey E. Steenland-Smit</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Stichting Dierenbescherming Suriname</institution>,<addr-line>Paramaribo</addr-line>,<country>Suriname</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suriname</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Svitich, Alla" sort="Svitich, Alla" uniqKey="Svitich A" first="Alla" last="Svitich">Alla Svitich</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff41"><institution>State Hospital of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<addr-line>Dniprodzerzhynsk</addr-line>,<country>Ukraine</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ukraine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thoya Ngoka, Ismail" sort="Thoya Ngoka, Ismail" uniqKey="Thoya Ngoka I" first="Ismail" last="Thoya Ngoka">Ismail Thoya Ngoka</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff42"><institution>Kenya Society for Protection and Care of Animals</institution>,<addr-line>Nairobi</addr-line>,<country>Kenya</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vi Laru, Bogdan A" sort="Vi Laru, Bogdan A" uniqKey="Vi Laru B" first="Bogdan A" last="Vi Laru">Bogdan A. Vi Laru</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff43"><institution content-type="dept">Clinical Sciences Department</institution>,<institution>Faculty of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<addr-line>Bucharest</addr-line>,<country>Romania</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Vos, Anna P" sort="De Vos, Anna P" uniqKey="De Vos A" first="Anna P" last="De Vos">Anna P. De Vos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff44"><institution>Ladybrand Animal Clinic</institution>,<addr-line>Ladybrand</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Vos, Johan P" sort="De Vos, Johan P" uniqKey="De Vos J" first="Johan P" last="De Vos">Johan P. De Vos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff45"><institution>Veterinary Oncology Referral Centre De Ottenhorst</institution>,<addr-line>Terneuzen</addr-line>,<country>Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walkinton, Oliver" sort="Walkinton, Oliver" uniqKey="Walkinton O" first="Oliver" last="Walkinton">Oliver Walkinton</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff31"><institution>Vets Beyond Borders</institution>,<addr-line>The Rocks</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wedge, David C" sort="Wedge, David C" uniqKey="Wedge D" first="David C" last="Wedge">David C. Wedge</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff26"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>,<addr-line>Hinxton</addr-line>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wehrle Martinez, Alvaro S" sort="Wehrle Martinez, Alvaro S" uniqKey="Wehrle Martinez A" first="Alvaro S" last="Wehrle-Martinez">Alvaro S. Wehrle-Martinez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff46"><institution content-type="dept">Faculty of Veterinary Sciences</institution>,<institution>National University of Asuncion</institution>,<addr-line>San Lorenzo</addr-line>,<country>Paraguay</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Paraguay</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Wel, Mirjam G" sort="Van Der Wel, Mirjam G" uniqKey="Van Der Wel M" first="Mirjam G" last="Van Der Wel">Mirjam G. Van Der Wel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff47"><institution>Animal Anti Cruelty League</institution>,<addr-line>Port Elizabeth</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Widdowson, Sophie Ae" sort="Widdowson, Sophie Ae" uniqKey="Widdowson S" first="Sophie Ae" last="Widdowson">Sophie Ae Widdowson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff40"><institution>Lilongwe Society for Protection and Care of Animals</institution>,<addr-line>Lilongwe</addr-line>,<country>Malawi</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Malawi</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murchison, Elizabeth P" sort="Murchison, Elizabeth P" uniqKey="Murchison E" first="Elizabeth P" last="Murchison">Elizabeth P. Murchison</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution content-type="dept">Department of Veterinary Medicine</institution>,<institution>University of Cambridge</institution>,<addr-line>Cambridge</addr-line>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">eLife</title><idno type="eISSN">2050-084X</idno><imprint><date when="????">????</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>DNA, Mitochondrial (chemistry)</term><term>DNA, Mitochondrial (genetics)</term><term>Dog Diseases (genetics)</term><term>Dogs</term><term>Genetic Variation</term><term>Mitochondria (genetics)</term><term>Recombination, Genetic</term><term>Selection, Genetic</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA</term><term>Venereal Tumors, Veterinary (genetics)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>ADN mitochondrial ()</term><term>ADN mitochondrial (génétique)</term><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Chiens</term><term>Maladies des chiens (génétique)</term><term>Mitochondries (génétique)</term><term>Recombinaison génétique</term><term>Sélection génétique</term><term>Tumeurs vénériennes transmissibles de l'animal (génétique)</term><term>Variation génétique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>DNA, Mitochondrial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>DNA, Mitochondrial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Dog Diseases</term><term>Mitochondria</term><term>Venereal Tumors, Veterinary</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>ADN mitochondrial</term><term>Maladies des chiens</term><term>Mitochondries</term><term>Tumeurs vénériennes transmissibles de l'animal</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Dogs</term><term>Genetic Variation</term><term>Recombination, Genetic</term><term>Selection, Genetic</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>ADN mitochondrial</term><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Chiens</term><term>Recombinaison génétique</term><term>Sélection génétique</term><term>Variation génétique</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) is a clonally transmissible cancer that originated approximately 11,000 years ago and affects dogs worldwide. Despite the clonal origin of the CTVT nuclear genome, CTVT mitochondrial genomes (mtDNAs) have been acquired by periodic capture from transient hosts. We sequenced 449 complete mtDNAs from a global population of CTVTs, and show that mtDNA horizontal transfer has occurred at least five times, delineating five tumour clades whose distributions track two millennia of dog global migration. Negative selection has operated to prevent accumulation of deleterious mutations in captured mtDNA, and recombination has caused occasional mtDNA re-assortment. These findings implicate functional mtDNA as a driver of CTVT global metastatic spread, further highlighting the important role of mtDNA in cancer evolution.</p><p><bold>DOI:</bold><ext-link ext-link-type="doi" xlink:href="10.7554/eLife.14552.001">http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.14552.001</ext-link></p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alexandrov, Lb" uniqKey="Alexandrov L">LB Alexandrov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nik Zainal, S" uniqKey="Nik Zainal S">S Nik-Zainal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wedge, Dc" uniqKey="Wedge D">DC Wedge</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aparicio, Sa" uniqKey="Aparicio S">SA Aparicio</name></author><author><name sortKey="Behjati, S" uniqKey="Behjati S">S Behjati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Biankin, Av" uniqKey="Biankin A">AV Biankin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bignell, Gr" uniqKey="Bignell G">GR Bignell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bolli, N" 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Filimonenko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stuart, S" uniqKey="Stuart S">S Stuart</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vondrusova, M" uniqKey="Vondrusova M">M Vondrusova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kluckova, K" uniqKey="Kluckova K">K Kluckova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sachaphibulkij, K" uniqKey="Sachaphibulkij K">K Sachaphibulkij</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rohlena, J" uniqKey="Rohlena J">J Rohlena</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hozak, P" uniqKey="Hozak P">P Hozak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Truksa, J" uniqKey="Truksa J">J Truksa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eccles, D" uniqKey="Eccles D">D Eccles</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haupt, Lm" uniqKey="Haupt L">LM Haupt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Griffiths, Lr" uniqKey="Griffiths L">LR Griffiths</name></author><author><name sortKey="Neuzil, J" uniqKey="Neuzil J">J Neuzil</name></author><author><name sortKey="Berridge, Mv" uniqKey="Berridge M">MV Berridge</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Thorvaldsd Ttir, H" uniqKey="Thorvaldsd Ttir H">H Thorvaldsdóttir</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robinson, Jt" uniqKey="Robinson J">JT Robinson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mesirov, Jp" uniqKey="Mesirov J">JP Mesirov</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Thyagarajan, B" uniqKey="Thyagarajan B">B Thyagarajan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Padua, Ra" uniqKey="Padua R">RA Padua</name></author><author><name sortKey="Campbell, C" uniqKey="Campbell C">C Campbell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ujvari, B" uniqKey="Ujvari B">B Ujvari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dowton, M" uniqKey="Dowton M">M Dowton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Madsen, T" uniqKey="Madsen T">T Madsen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Verscheure, S" uniqKey="Verscheure S">S Verscheure</name></author><author><name sortKey="Backeljau, T" uniqKey="Backeljau T">T Backeljau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Desmyter, S" uniqKey="Desmyter S">S Desmyter</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vila, C" uniqKey="Vila C">C Vilà</name></author><author><name sortKey="Savolainen, P" uniqKey="Savolainen P">P Savolainen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maldonado, Je" uniqKey="Maldonado J">JE Maldonado</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amorim, Ir" uniqKey="Amorim I">IR Amorim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rice, Je" uniqKey="Rice J">JE Rice</name></author><author><name sortKey="Honeycutt, Rl" uniqKey="Honeycutt R">RL Honeycutt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crandall, Ka" uniqKey="Crandall K">KA Crandall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lundeberg, J" uniqKey="Lundeberg J">J Lundeberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wayne, Rk" uniqKey="Wayne R">RK Wayne</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zsurka, G" uniqKey="Zsurka G">G Zsurka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kraytsberg, Y" uniqKey="Kraytsberg Y">Y Kraytsberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kudina, T" uniqKey="Kudina T">T Kudina</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kornblum, C" uniqKey="Kornblum C">C Kornblum</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elger, Ce" uniqKey="Elger C">CE Elger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khrapko, K" uniqKey="Khrapko K">K Khrapko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kunz, Ws" uniqKey="Kunz W">WS Kunz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li><li>Australie</li><li>Belize</li><li>Brésil</li><li>Chili</li><li>France</li><li>Gambie</li><li>Grèce</li><li>Inde</li><li>Italie</li><li>Kenya</li><li>Malawi</li><li>Mexique</li><li>Nigeria</li><li>Ouganda</li><li>Pakistan</li><li>Panama</li><li>Paraguay</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Portugal</li><li>Roumanie</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Russie</li><li>République populaire de Chine</li><li>Samoa</li><li>Suriname</li><li>Ukraine</li><li>Uruguay</li><li>Venezuela</li><li>Équateur</li><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Corrigan, Anne M" sort="Corrigan, Anne M" uniqKey="Corrigan A" first="Anne M" last="Corrigan">Anne M. Corrigan</name><name sortKey="Lanza Perea, Marta" sort="Lanza Perea, Marta" uniqKey="Lanza Perea M" first="Marta" last="Lanza-Perea">Marta Lanza-Perea</name></noCountry><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Strakova, Andrea" sort="Strakova, Andrea" uniqKey="Strakova A" first="Andrea" last="Strakova">Andrea Strakova</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bisson, Jocelyn L" sort="Bisson, Jocelyn L" uniqKey="Bisson J" first="Jocelyn L" last="Bisson">Jocelyn L. Bisson</name><name sortKey="Martincorena, Inigo" sort="Martincorena, Inigo" uniqKey="Martincorena I" first="Inigo" last="Martincorena">Inigo Martincorena</name><name sortKey="Murchison, Elizabeth P" sort="Murchison, Elizabeth P" uniqKey="Murchison E" first="Elizabeth P" last="Murchison">Elizabeth P. Murchison</name><name sortKey="Ni Leathlobhair, Maire" sort="Ni Leathlobhair, Maire" uniqKey="Ni Leathlobhair M" first="Máire" last="Ní Leathlobhair">Máire Ní Leathlobhair</name><name sortKey="Wedge, David C" sort="Wedge, David C" uniqKey="Wedge D" first="David C" last="Wedge">David C. Wedge</name></country><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Wang, Guo Dong" sort="Wang, Guo Dong" uniqKey="Wang G" first="Guo-Dong" last="Wang">Guo-Dong Wang</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Yin, Ting Ting" sort="Yin, Ting Ting" uniqKey="Yin T" first="Ting-Ting" last="Yin">Ting-Ting Yin</name></country><country name="Inde"><noRegion><name sortKey="Airikkala Otter, Ilona" sort="Airikkala Otter, Ilona" uniqKey="Airikkala Otter I" first="Ilona" last="Airikkala-Otter">Ilona Airikkala-Otter</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Reece, John F" sort="Reece, John F" uniqKey="Reece J" first="John F" last="Reece">John F. Reece</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Allen, Janice L" sort="Allen, Janice L" uniqKey="Allen J" first="Janice L" last="Allen">Janice L. Allen</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Cutter, Stephen M" sort="Cutter, Stephen M" uniqKey="Cutter S" first="Stephen M" last="Cutter">Stephen M. Cutter</name><name sortKey="Donelan, Edward M" sort="Donelan, Edward M" uniqKey="Donelan E" first="Edward M" last="Donelan">Edward M. Donelan</name><name sortKey="Nixon, Sally J" sort="Nixon, Sally J" uniqKey="Nixon S" first="Sally J" last="Nixon">Sally J. Nixon</name><name sortKey="Pye, Ruth J" sort="Pye, Ruth J" uniqKey="Pye R" first="Ruth J" last="Pye">Ruth J. Pye</name><name sortKey="Walkinton, Oliver" sort="Walkinton, Oliver" uniqKey="Walkinton O" first="Oliver" last="Walkinton">Oliver Walkinton</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Allum, Karen M" sort="Allum, Karen M" uniqKey="Allum K" first="Karen M" last="Allum">Karen M. 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Onsare</name><name sortKey="Thoya Ngoka, Ismail" sort="Thoya Ngoka, Ismail" uniqKey="Thoya Ngoka I" first="Ismail" last="Thoya Ngoka">Ismail Thoya Ngoka</name></country><country name="Belize"><noRegion><name sortKey="Crawford, Jane T" sort="Crawford, Jane T" uniqKey="Crawford J" first="Jane T" last="Crawford">Jane T. Crawford</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Schmeling, Sheila K" sort="Schmeling, Sheila K" uniqKey="Schmeling S" first="Sheila K" last="Schmeling">Sheila K. 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Fruean</name></noRegion></country><country name="Venezuela"><noRegion><name sortKey="Gallardo Arrieta, Fanny" sort="Gallardo Arrieta, Fanny" uniqKey="Gallardo Arrieta F" first="Fanny" last="Gallardo-Arrieta">Fanny Gallardo-Arrieta</name></noRegion></country><country name="Russie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Glebova, Olga" sort="Glebova, Olga" uniqKey="Glebova O" first="Olga" last="Glebova">Olga Glebova</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Shamanova, Olga" sort="Shamanova, Olga" uniqKey="Shamanova O" first="Olga" last="Shamanova">Olga Shamanova</name></country><country name="Chili"><noRegion><name sortKey="H Felin Manrique, Rodrigo F" sort="H Felin Manrique, Rodrigo F" uniqKey="H Felin Manrique R" first="Rodrigo F" last="H Felin Manrique">Rodrigo F. H Felin Manrique</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Rojas Gutierrez, Jose" sort="Rojas Gutierrez, Jose" uniqKey="Rojas Gutierrez J" first="Jose" last="Rojas Gutierrez">Jose Rojas Gutierrez</name></country><country name="Portugal"><noRegion><name sortKey="Henriques, Joaquim Jgp" sort="Henriques, Joaquim Jgp" uniqKey="Henriques J" first="Joaquim Jgp" last="Henriques">Joaquim Jgp Henriques</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Peleteiro, Maria C" sort="Peleteiro, Maria C" uniqKey="Peleteiro M" first="Maria C" last="Peleteiro">Maria C. 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Lopez Quintana</name></noRegion></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Losfelt, Thibault" sort="Losfelt, Thibault" uniqKey="Losfelt T" first="Thibault" last="Losfelt">Thibault Losfelt</name></noRegion></country><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Marino, Gabriele" sort="Marino, Gabriele" uniqKey="Marino G" first="Gabriele" last="Marino">Gabriele Marino</name></noRegion></country><country name="Équateur"><noRegion><name sortKey="Martinez L Pez, Mayra F" sort="Martinez L Pez, Mayra F" uniqKey="Martinez L Pez M" first="Mayra F" last="Martínez-L Pez">Mayra F. Martínez-L Pez</name></noRegion></country><country name="Gambie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Meyer, Michael" sort="Meyer, Michael" uniqKey="Meyer M" first="Michael" last="Meyer">Michael Meyer</name></noRegion></country><country name="Ouganda"><noRegion><name sortKey="Nakanwagi, Berna" sort="Nakanwagi, Berna" uniqKey="Nakanwagi B" first="Berna" last="Nakanwagi">Berna Nakanwagi</name></noRegion></country><country name="Pakistan"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sadia, Haleema" sort="Sadia, Haleema" uniqKey="Sadia H" first="Haleema" last="Sadia">Haleema Sadia</name></noRegion></country><country name="Malawi"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ssuna, Richard K" sort="Ssuna, Richard K" uniqKey="Ssuna R" first="Richard K" last="Ssuna">Richard K. Ssuna</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Widdowson, Sophie Ae" sort="Widdowson, Sophie Ae" uniqKey="Widdowson S" first="Sophie Ae" last="Widdowson">Sophie Ae Widdowson</name></country><country name="Roumanie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Vi Laru, Bogdan A" sort="Vi Laru, Bogdan A" uniqKey="Vi Laru B" first="Bogdan A" last="Vi Laru">Bogdan A. Vi Laru</name></noRegion></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><noRegion><name sortKey="De Vos, Johan P" sort="De Vos, Johan P" uniqKey="De Vos J" first="Johan P" last="De Vos">Johan P. De Vos</name></noRegion></country><country name="Paraguay"><noRegion><name sortKey="Wehrle Martinez, Alvaro S" sort="Wehrle Martinez, Alvaro S" uniqKey="Wehrle Martinez A" first="Alvaro S" last="Wehrle-Martinez">Alvaro S. Wehrle-Martinez</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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